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Economics

The Spoiler Effect in Plurality Voting Systems

Quick fact

In the 2000 U.S. presidential election, Ralph Nader's presence in Florida likely siphoned enough votes from Al Gore to give George W. Bush the state and the presidency, a classic example of the spoiler effect.

Why this is interesting

Imagine two similar candidates splitting the votes of like-minded people, handing victory to the one they both dislike. A third option just cost you the election—how can having more choices make things worse?