Mathematics
Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7 Rule)
Quick fact
The empirical rule is also known as the 'three-sigma rule' because it focuses on intervals of one, two, and three standard deviations (sigma) from the mean.
Why this is interesting
If you know the average height of a group of people, can you guess how many are within a few inches of that average? The empirical rule gives a surprisingly precise answer—as long as the data follows a bell-shaped curve.