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Sociology

The Great Divergence in Mortality and the Epidemiological Transition

Quick fact

Before the 19th century, life expectancy in Europe was about 30-35 years, similar to the rest of the world. By 1950, Western European life expectancy had jumped to over 65, while many Asian and African countries remained below 35—a divergence that still shapes global health disparities today.

Why this is interesting

Have you ever wondered why people in some countries live to an average of 80, while in others it's barely 60? The answer lies in a dramatic historical shift in the causes of death, known as the epidemiological transition.