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Technology

How Independent Judiciaries Moderate Executive Overreach in Semi-Presidential Systems

Quick fact

In France's 2000 constitutional reform, the Constitutional Council's expanded powers allowed it to strike down executive decrees that exceeded constitutional limits, effectively providing a judicial check on presidential overreach.

Why this is interesting

Imagine a country where a president and a prime minister both claim the top job. Who stops the president from bending the rules? Surprisingly, it's often the judges—who hold no army, no budget, and no votes.