History
Federalism and the Doctrine of Dual Sovereignty
Quick fact
The U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly upheld the dual sovereignty doctrine, meaning a person can be prosecuted by both state and federal governments for the same conduct without violating the Fifth Amendment's Double Jeopardy Clause.
Why this is interesting
You can be tried twice for the same crime—and still not have your rights violated. How is that possible in a country that protects against double jeopardy?