Economics
The Fundamentals of Supply and Demand Equilibrium
Quick fact
The equilibrium price of a good is not set by any single person or institution — it emerges from the independent, decentralized decisions of thousands of buyers and sellers, each pursuing their own self-interest, converging to a point where the quantity supplied exactly equals the quantity demanded.
Why this is interesting
You've probably noticed that when more people want something, like a hot new toy, the price tends to go up. But why exactly does that happen, and how does the market decide on the 'right' price?