Biology
Kin Recognition and Nepotism in Rodent Colonies
Quick fact
Belding's ground squirrels can distinguish full siblings from half-siblings and even from unrelated individuals solely by scent, and they preferentially give alarm calls when relatives are nearby, a behavior that increases their inclusive fitness.
Why this is interesting
When a ground squirrel spots a predator, it often gives a loud alarm call that draws attention to itself—yet the warning is usually heard by its relatives. How can risking your own life to warn others ever be an evolutionary advantage?